1. Working principle of Roots blower and Roots blower

羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)為定容積式風(fēng)機(jī)，輸送的風(fēng)量與轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)成比例，三葉型葉輪每轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一次由2個(gè)葉輪進(jìn)行3次吸、排氣，與二葉型相比，氣體脈動(dòng)變少，負(fù)荷變化小，機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高，噪聲低，振動(dòng)也小。在2根平相行的軸上設(shè)有2個(gè)三葉型葉輪，輪與橢圓形機(jī)箱內(nèi)孔面及各葉輪三者之間始終保持微小的間隙，由于葉輪互為反方向勻速旋轉(zhuǎn)，使箱體和葉輪所包圍著的一定量的氣體由吸入的一側(cè)輸送到排出的一側(cè)。各支葉輪始終由同步齒輪保持正確的相位，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)互相碰觸現(xiàn)象，因而可以高速化，不需要內(nèi)部潤(rùn)滑，而且結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)，性能穩(wěn)定，適應(yīng)多種用途，已運(yùn)用于廣泛的領(lǐng)域。

Roots blower is a constant volume fan, and the air volume transported is proportional to the number of revolutions. Each time the three blade impeller rotates, two impellers perform three suction and exhaust. Compared with the two blade impeller, the gas pulsation is less, the load change is less, the mechanical strength is high, the noise is low, and the vibration is small. Two three blade impellers are set on two parallel shafts, and a small gap is always kept between the wheel and the inner hole surface of the oval case and between the impellers. Because the impellers rotate uniformly in opposite directions, a certain amount of gas surrounded by the case and the impeller is transmitted from the suction side to the discharge side. Each impeller is always kept in the correct phase by synchronous gear, without touching each other, so it can be high-speed, does not require internal lubrication, and has simple structure, stable operation, stable performance, and is suitable for a variety of purposes. It has been used in a wide range of fields.

2、離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的工作原理(同離心泵)

2. Working principle of centrifugal blower (same as centrifugal pump)

當(dāng)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)帶動(dòng)風(fēng)機(jī)葉輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，葉輪中葉片之間的氣體也跟著旋轉(zhuǎn)，并在離心力的作用下甩出這些氣體，氣體流速加大，使氣體在流動(dòng)中把動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為靜壓能，然后隨著流體的增壓，使靜壓能又轉(zhuǎn)換為速度能，通過(guò)排氣口排出氣體，而在葉輪中間形成了一定的負(fù)壓，由于入口呈負(fù)壓，使外界氣體在大氣壓的作用下立即補(bǔ)入，在葉輪連續(xù)旋轉(zhuǎn)作用下不斷排出和補(bǔ)入氣體，從而達(dá)到連續(xù)鼓風(fēng)的目的。同等功率下，風(fēng)壓和風(fēng)量一般呈反比。同等功率下，風(fēng)壓高，風(fēng)量就會(huì)相對(duì)低，而風(fēng)量大，風(fēng)壓就會(huì)低些，這樣才能充分利用電機(jī)的功效率。

When the motor rotates to drive the fan impeller to rotate, the gas between the blades in the impeller also rotates, and the gas is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force. The gas flow rate increases, so that the gas can convert kinetic energy into static pressure energy in the flow. Then, with the pressure increase of the fluid, the static pressure energy is converted into speed energy, and the gas is discharged through the exhaust port. A certain negative pressure is formed in the middle of the impeller. Because the inlet is negative pressure, Make the external gas replenish immediately under the action of atmospheric pressure, and continuously discharge and replenish the gas under the action of continuous rotation of the impeller, so as to achieve the purpose of continuous blowing. Under the same power, the air pressure and air volume are generally inversely proportional. Under the same power, if the air pressure is high, the air volume will be relatively low, and if the air volume is large, the air pressure will be lower, so as to make full use of the efficiency of the motor.

3、回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理

3. Structure and working principle of rotary blower

鼓風(fēng)機(jī)壓力范圍：0.1-0.5kgf/cm2回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)精巧，主要由下列六部分組成：電機(jī)、空氣過(guò)渡器、鼓風(fēng)機(jī)本體、空氣室、底座(兼油箱)、滴油嘴。鼓風(fēng)機(jī)靠汽缸內(nèi)偏置的轉(zhuǎn)子偏心運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，并使轉(zhuǎn)子槽中的4支葉片之間的容積變化將空氣吸入、壓縮、吐出。在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中利用鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的壓力差自動(dòng)將潤(rùn)滑送到滴油嘴，滴入汽缸內(nèi)以減少摩擦及噪聲，同時(shí)可保持汽缸內(nèi)氣體不回流。

Pressure range of blower: 0.1-0.5kgf/cm2 rotary blower has a delicate structure and is mainly composed of the following six parts: motor, air transition device, blower body, air chamber, base (also used as oil tank) and oil drip nozzle. The blower operates eccentrically by the rotor offset in the cylinder, and changes the volume between the four blades in the rotor slot to suck in, compress and discharge air. During operation, the pressure difference of the blower is used to automatically send the lubrication to the oil drip nozzle and drip it into the cylinder to reduce friction and noise, while keeping the gas in the cylinder from backflow.

4、離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理

4. Structure and working principle of centrifugal blower

旋轉(zhuǎn)葉片的擠壓推進(jìn)力使流體獲得能量，升高其壓能和動(dòng)能，其結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示。葉輪1安裝在圓筒形(風(fēng)機(jī)為圓錐形)泵殼3內(nèi)，當(dāng)葉輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，流體軸向流人，在葉片葉道內(nèi)獲得能量后，沿軸向流出。

The extrusion propulsion force of the rotating blade enables the fluid to obtain energy and increase its pressure energy and kinetic energy. Its structure is shown in the figure. The impeller 1 is installed in the cylindrical (conical fan) pump housing 3. When the impeller rotates, the fluid flows axially. After obtaining energy in the blade passage, the fluid flows axially.

離心鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、回轉(zhuǎn)式風(fēng)機(jī)的特性的區(qū)別

Differences in characteristics of centrifugal blower, roots blower and rotary fan

1)如果負(fù)載需要的是恒流量效果的情況時(shí)就用羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)。因?yàn)榱_茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)屬于恒流量風(fēng)機(jī)，工作的主參數(shù)是風(fēng)量，輸出的壓力隨管道和負(fù)載的變化而變化，風(fēng)量變化很小。這也是羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)越來(lái)越受用戶(hù)青睞的原因之一。羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)是一種高壓風(fēng)機(jī)，羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)為容積式風(fēng)機(jī)，輸送的風(fēng)量與轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)成比例，把氣體由吸入的一側(cè)輸送到排出的一側(cè)。

1) If the load requires constant flow effect, roots blower is used. Because Roots blower is a constant flow fan, the main working parameter is air volume, and the output pressure changes with the change of the pipe and load, and the air volume changes little. This is also one of the reasons why Roots blower is increasingly favored by users. Roots blower is a high pressure fan. Roots blower is a volumetric fan. The air volume transported is proportional to the number of revolutions, and the gas is transported from the suction side to the discharge side.

如果負(fù)載需要的是恒壓效果的情況時(shí)就用離心風(fēng)機(jī)。因?yàn)殡x心風(fēng)機(jī)屬于恒壓風(fēng)機(jī)，工作的主參數(shù)是風(fēng)壓，輸出的風(fēng)量隨管道和負(fù)載的變化而變化，風(fēng)壓變化不大。離心式風(fēng)機(jī)，風(fēng)壓力不大?？諝獾膲嚎s過(guò)程通常是經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)工作葉輪(或稱(chēng)幾級(jí))在離心力的作用下進(jìn)行的。離心風(fēng)機(jī)屬于平方轉(zhuǎn)矩特性，而羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)基于恒轉(zhuǎn)矩特性。

If the load requires constant pressure effect, centrifugal fan shall be used. Because the centrifugal fan is a constant pressure fan, the main working parameter is the air pressure. The output air volume changes with the change of the pipe and load, and the air pressure changes little. Centrifugal fan, with low air pressure. The air compression process is usually carried out under the action of centrifugal force through several working impellers (or stages). Centrifugal fan belongs to square torque characteristic, while Roots fan basically belongs to constant torque characteristic.

2)羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)一般來(lái)說(shuō)風(fēng)量比較大，壓力也比較大，同樣羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)噪音也很大。

2) Roots blower generally has large air volume and pressure, as well as loud noise.

如果需要風(fēng)量比較小，對(duì)噪音要求比較高，就選用回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)，回轉(zhuǎn)式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)同樣屬于恒流量風(fēng)機(jī)，工作的主參數(shù)是風(fēng)量，輸出的壓力隨管道和負(fù)載的變化而變化，風(fēng)量變化很小，回轉(zhuǎn)式風(fēng)機(jī)是變?nèi)輭嚎s，其主要特點(diǎn)是：低轉(zhuǎn)速，低噪音，低振動(dòng)，效率高，高。

If the air volume is relatively small and the requirements for noise are relatively high, the rotary blower is selected. The rotary blower is also a constant flow fan. The main working parameter is the air volume. The output pressure changes with the change of the pipe and the load. The air volume changes very little. The rotary blower is a variable volume compression. Its main characteristics are: low speed, low noise, low vibration, high efficiency, and high energy conservation.

軸流風(fēng)機(jī)(葉片式)的主要特點(diǎn)也是恒風(fēng)壓運(yùn)行，當(dāng)壓力變化或管道內(nèi)有阻擋物時(shí)，便會(huì)自動(dòng)調(diào)整送風(fēng)量來(lái)保證風(fēng)壓的恒定。軸流式泵與風(fēng)機(jī)適用于大流量、低壓力，電廠中常用作循環(huán)水泵及送引風(fēng)機(jī)。我國(guó)離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)不多，特別是大型離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)還有待完善，選用時(shí)應(yīng)與生產(chǎn)廠密切配合。

Axial flow fan (blade type) is also characterized by constant air pressure operation. When the pressure changes or there is a barrier in the pipe, the air supply volume will be automatically adjusted to ensure the constant air pressure. Axial flow pumps and fans are suitable for large flow and low pressure. They are commonly used as circulating water pumps and forced draft fans in power plants. There is not much experience in the use of centrifugal blowers in China, especially the large centrifugal blowers still need to be improved. The selection should be closely coordinated with the manufacturer.

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